In the public the size and the genius of Adler are suspected only slowly,
who stood for long years in the shadow of Sigmund Freud, and to
which still today the unjustified call of a popular psychologist who can be
taken quite seriously does not adhere.

What were the substantial realizations of Adler and which constitutes its
Genialitaet?

Adler life was dedicated to the well-being to the human community. With large
commitment he dedicated his whole life to the structure and the spreading of the
individual psychology, which he began to prepare after his separation from
Freud in 1911. Adler called its psychology 'individual psychology ',
i.e. the psychology of the 'indivisible whole one'. It was mindful when
understanding humans to understand all sections from the whole one and the
whole again from its sections.

The soul life meant creative self organization of humans for Adler,
although this always also to given conditions reacted. To Adler the mental
development of humans cannot be led away causally from trauma desks events
and conditions of the childhood, but is crucial, as a child answers to the
given influences, how it for this takes position. If one humans
(section)Verantwortung for the emergence of its neurosis, facilitates one
charges the reorientation in the life and the modification of a
festgefahrenen character pathology to him. Adler wanted to educate its
patients to the transfer of responsibility for their life.

It granted a liberty clearance to each humans. The people picture of the
individual psychology indicates parallels here to some basic ideas of the
existential philosophy (M. Heidegger, E. Husserl, J.-P. Sartre). This
postulates that the human existence in the electric field moves between
uncontrollable " throw-throwing its " into the world and design even
selected. Humans do not only exist, but he behaves to his existence. From
throw-throwing its makes it its own design, which Adler with the term of the
life-style defines.

One of the most important targets of Adler was to arouse courage with its
patients. Courage meant difficult and culturally valuable functions for it,
in the service of the general use anzupacken. Luck, satisfaction and mental
health give it for eagles only, if humans do not extract themselves from the
request of the social life, but his life into the service of the overcoming
always far accomplishment of social and cultural life functions, calm by
obstacles and, places.

It becomes clear that of the individual psychology an educational request is
the center. Adler exerted itself with its teachings in theory and practice
for the improvement of the education. Also he as reeducation or guidance
understood the therapy for self-instruction. Adler is here in the tradition
of those reconnaissance aircraft, which attached a high value to the
education with the development of a peaceful and certain menschengeschlechts
and for the setting up of the culture. Adler went to praying vines into the
direction of a fundamental humanization. The key term of Adler is in this
connection the community feeling. It defines the social interest, the
co-operation and entwicklungsfaehigkeit of humans, which can be developed,
who are to make a better living together of humans for the future possible.
At the same time it stressed the idea of the free personality. The value of
the individual was with it in the first place, even if it spoke again and
again of the service at the community. This is not a contradiction, because
only free, independent humans is able to serve a social whole one. Adler
respect therefore applied to that humans who took new paths in art, science,
technique and social life, and lasting values for the public to have left.
These he understood as " protects servants " of a better mankind.

At the same time it postulated the necessity for a real equivalence of all
humans, it against-strove both class differences between humans, and the
patriarchat. It fought unjustified power in all their types of play. It was
inspired by the socialist idea in its libertaeren development. The
aufklaererische postulate of the equivalence of humans reflects itself in
the individual-psychological Therapiesetting, eagles operated with its
patients each other opposite-sitting in the free dialog. It looked together
with its patients for solutions of the life questions.

The message of Adler was those the Mitmenschlichkeit, so that one called it
also as of the " Confucius's west " or a " social genius ". If one defines a
genius as humans with an outstanding and load-carrying idea and large
courage for the organization of this idea, then also Adler may be called a
genius. Like Sokrates he taught the art of the correct life untiringly.

It must therefore astonishment that eagles and the individual psychology
were misjudged and denied over long time. Some reasons for it are past for a
long time, however still work until today.

They begin with the break between Adler and Freud 1911, which were painful
for both and partially accompanied by biting polemic on each side. Adler was provided
by Freud still until its death with cancelling comments. Since Freud was in
Europe an undisputed authority, took over many being pleased since trailers
and Psychoanalytiker its reservations opposite eagles and the individual
psychology. This led to the fact that the theory of Adler was treated
according to its first, very successful structure time, which was
coined/shaped by Adler strong personality still by the direct operational
readiness level almost like a taboo.

It is remarkable that some Neo analysts as for instance K. Horney, H.
Schultz Schultz-Hencke, E. Fromm, H. S. Sullivan u.a.m. Basic ideas took
over, which were formulated first by Adler, without referring here however
to eagles themselves. Ellenberger works the discovery out of the unconscious
one " (Zurich 1985) in its book " the fact that some the Neo analyst in
their theories eagles are in certain respects even more near than Freud and
speaks in this connection of the " Krypto Adlerianismus ". By giving the
impulse theory up and as essentially saw the development of the psyche
coined/shaped of interhuman relations, the designation " Neo Adlerianer "
would be almost more suitable for this group.

A further reason for the difficulties of the spreading of the individual
psychology is that the theory of Adler is strongly bound to its person. The
application of the individual psychology is based on the art of suspecting
and the intuition. Adler ordered extensive conclusions over these abilities
to a considerable degree, with large technical skill pulled it from patient
stories and apparently insignificant messages. The individual-psychological
knowledge resembles rather an art, which is more with difficulty easy to
learn and obtainable than a scientific theory.

The artistic and the educational of the individual psychology are unusual
for many. They push at the social job of the individual psychology, at their
value system and at the application of the education thought in the therapy.
Adler orientation at the alive one shows up in the fact that it the
character of humans not as form, but when movement understands. It is
thereby in the contrast to a traditional world and people picture, which -
coined/shaped of the scientific epoch - are rather static. He ties to psycho
vitalistische tendencies, beside the scientific the soul customer developed
and introduces the category of the goal-directedness to understanding the
soul life. The vitalism charges its own autonomous activity, which cannot be
explained from impulses or causally to the individual. Adler speaks of
creative shaping.

If one looks up using Renaissance of Adler for further reasons for one only
hesitating, then it must be pointed out that the individual-psychological
movement was far fewer tautly organized than the psychoanalytische. Adler
rejected hierarchical institutions, it contradicted its anti-authoritarian,
individualistischen thinking. From some authors this was regretted, because
thereby knowledge was possibly passed on too little. From the view of Adler
missing institutionalizing is however stimmig. Institutions are inclined to
independent existence and devour time and strength, which rather used eagles
on the spreading of its teachings. For surviving a movement networks of
advantage can be, them run however always also the risk to set their members
under adjustment printing and into power apparatuses degenerate in difficult
times fixed.

Crucially the individual-psychological movement was weakened and thinned out
by the world wars and fascism. The bloom time of the individual psychology
was the Vienna of the 20's. At this time numerous individual-psychological
advisory boards were structured, which could not hold themselves after the
political change in formerly social-democratic Vienna no more. Even one
because the individual psychology so strongly personbound teachings is, had
the emigration of numerous coworkers of Adler as well as the emigration of
Adler leaves and also to finally be in former times to death not a gap which
can be filled.

The heavy status of the individual psychology had finally also
political-world-descriptive reasons. The basic positions of Adler are more
radical in many places than from Freud. Adler was a libertaerer socialist,
Pazifist and a Atheist, who contrarily to the political Konservatismus and
culture pessimism.
It called the patriarchat the " cancer evil of the society ", the criticism
to it is the core of its society and culture criticism. The even
criticismcriticism criticism of Adler was rezipiert still too few, it
represents a great, emancipatory alternative to the patriarchalen discourse
of the Psychoanalyse.

Although the theory of Adler appears simple at first sight, and mean many,
them, proves the study of the individual psychology is unscientific or
popular scientific as particularly difficult. Understanding the theory of
Adler presupposes projecting abilities, life knowledge and also
philosophical knowledge. The texts of Adler are pulled through from
philosophical allusions, which one should know, in order to be able to
understand eagles profoundly. The Adler Biographin Hertha Orgler writes (in
" Alfred Adler - triumph over the inferiority complex ", Munich 1956) that
Adler always also means to read to suspect that one changes and a better
fellow man is to become. The individual psychology contains a prepared
ethics, which attacks own vanities in some places relentlessly. Also that
may be a reason for the restraint to concern itself with Adler and the individual psychology.