How to calculate the wattages of power supplies.....

 

Here some useful PSU-related things just for our members at the Rebels Haven Computer Forum. As we are in the gigahertz- era for some time now ( AMD as well as Intel ), PSU is getting extremely important. MSI, Epox, Abit etc. are making some of the fastest mainboards on the market and with the speed, the “need for more current” is getting the major factor for stability of such systems. This is just a quick guide of how to find out, what power requierements a today-system needs.



Avarage AMD CPU's (XP) systems need about 180W on the combined 3.3V + 5V power lines. You should check the label of your PSU for the combined power output. A lot of FAQs on the web give wrong information on how to estimate the combined power output, forgetting abou the
efficiency of a PSU, which is not 100% -

So If the label  doesn't list the combined wattage, you may try to calculate this way:

((5V x AMP's+3.3V x AMP's) / 3) x 2 = approx the wattage for most powersupplies.....

From the above you can see, that the PSU-efficiency is  between 60% and 70%.

Example:

If you have a PSU that does:

5V
     < >       20A
3.3V
  < >        15A

It will do about:

5x20=
100W     3.3x15= 49.5 W

100+49.5
   = 149.5 W
149.5
x2/3 = 99.8 Watts combined  >
and this is way to low for most current systems! 


So 180W combined is suitable for a XP-1700+ under
normal conditions.....
Using a GeForce 4 Ti4xxx card in this system is pumping up the need for wattage: 200+W combined.

And:

Harddisks, Cdroms, DVD, CDRW and fans are really not using that much power:
They take most from the 12V line....and that one has plenty power on most PSU's-

So on the  12V-line if you only have 10A this makes already ~80W ( 12 x 10 x 2 /3 )

The components which are stressing  on the 3.3V + 5V lines are:

·          CPU  

·          Motherboard (depends on the board and features)     

·          Ram (estimated at 10W per 256MB no matter the load)

·          Videocard (especially at full load, if GeForce 4 Ti for example)                                                                                                     
 
 You see, a high end system really would need more than 180W combined -
often a reason, why games are crashing on such systems, while in IDLE everything runs perfect – and even under full load it’s perfect, if the graphics card is not stressed – that makes people often search for other reasons of their problem, they forget, how much power current
VGA-cards are taking.
 

And here some information out from an article, of how much some components are using:

Component
 

 
  Requirement
 

 
  Line(s) Used
 

High-wattage AGP card

20 - 70W

+3.3V

Average PCI card

5W

+5V

Cached SCSI controller PCI card

20-25W

+3.3V and +5V

Floppy drive

5W

+5V

10/100 NIC

4W

+3.3V

50x Atapi CD-ROM

10 - 25W

+5V and +12V

12x Atapi DVD-ROM

10 - 25W

+5V and +12V

12x / 10x / 40x SCSI CD-R/RW

20W

+5V and +12V

SCSI CD-ROM

12W

+5V and +12V

RAM

8W per 128MB

+3.3V

Ultra2 SCSI PCI card

5W

+3.3V and +5V

7200rpm IDE hard drive

5 - 15W

+5V and +12V

7200rpm Ultra2 SCSI hard drive

24W

+5V and +12V

10,000rpm SCSI drive

10 - 40W

+5V and +12V

Motherboard (without CPU or RAM)

20 - 30W

+3.3V and +5V

Hope, this will be a little help J

By ToXicbluE, 12/02